Nootropic Mushrooms: Guide and Top 5 Benefits

The search for ways to enhance cognitive function, memory, and overall brain health has led many to investigate the use of nootropics. These cognitive enhancers, whether synthetic or natural, are designed to support brain function. Among the natural options, nootropic mushrooms have gained significant attention for their potential benefits. This article dives into the world of nootropic mushrooms, exploring their types, safety, and existing research and providing guidance on their usage and selection.

Nootropic mushrooms: what are they?

Nootropics, also known as 'smart drugs' or cognitive enhancers, are substances that improve cognitive functions, like memory, in healthy individuals. Nootropic mushrooms, also known as functional mushrooms, are specific types of fungi recognized for the latter cognitive benefits.

Are nootropic mushrooms and regular mushrooms the same?

Nootropic mushrooms are not the same as regular culinary mushrooms. Regular mushrooms demonstrate some nutritional benefits and are high in antioxidants. Functional mushrooms additionally possess bioactive compounds that have brain-boosting properties. In other words, they have benefits extending beyond their nutritional value. These mushrooms have been used in traditional medicine for centuries and are now being investigated by modern science.

Are nootropic mushrooms safe to take?

Nootropic mushrooms are generally safe for most people when consumed in recommended doses. However, as with any supplement, some individuals may encounter typical side effects: digestive upset, allergic reactions, headaches, or interactions with other medications. It is therefore strongly recommended to purchase nootropic mushroom supplements only from well-known brands that ensure qualified third-party testing and maintain strict manufacturing standards. This is the only way to be sure you are using safe and high-quality products.

Remember that it is essential to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement. This is especially important for individuals with high-risk health conditions: pregnant/nursing women, children, people with known allergies to fungi, and patients with serious underlying medical conditions or undergoing treatments.

Nootropic mushrooms to try out

Here is a list highlighting some notable medicinal mushrooms and their unique advantages. It's important to note that scientific research on the cognitive benefits of some mushrooms is extremely limited, and further clinical investigations are essential to substantiate these health claims.

1. Lion’s mane (Hericium erinaceus)

Lion’s mane mushroom is one of the most well-known nootropic mushrooms. It contains bioactive constituents like hericenones and erinacines, which accelerate the synthesis of nerve growth factor (NGF), essential for the maintenance and regrowing of neurons. Studies have shown that lion's mane can improve domains of cognitive function, making it a popular choice for those looking to boost brain health.

2. Shiitake (Lentinula edodes)

Shiitake is primarily known for its culinary uses, but it has also been hypothesized that the active compounds this mushroom contains may offer cognitive benefits. However, to date, only one study has investigated the effects of shiitake on cognition, finding no significant improvements in cognitive performance. Nevertheless, one animal study demonstrated that beta-glucans present in shiitake mushrooms protected mice from obesity-associated cognitive impairments. Hence, further research in humans is needed to verify or disprove the nootropic effects of shiitake mushrooms.

3. Chaga (Inonotus obliquus)

Asian folk medicine considered that chaga has memory-enhancing effects. Although scientific research on chaga mushroom's impact on cognition is limited, existing animal studies indicate positive outcomes. They demonstrate that bioactive substances presented in mushrooms could significantly enhance cognitive functions and even protect against Alzheimer's disease. However, no research involving humans has been performed yet.

4. Cordyceps (Cordyceps sinensis)

Chinese herbal medicine used extracts of cordyceps to help maintain mental stamina and clarity. Research involving animals has shown that these mushrooms can indeed improve learning and memory, likely due to the polypeptide complexes they contain. Conversely, human studies evaluating cordyceps supplements’ effect on cognitive health are scarce, and the only existing study found that cordyceps did not affect cognitive function. Therefore, additional human studies are needed to confirm whether these mushrooms really have nootropic effects.

5. Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum)

Reishi mushroom has been widely used for centuries in Asian countries for its anti-aging properties. It is even referred to as the 'mushroom of immortality.' In terms of cognitive function, animal studies revealed that bioactive compounds (polysaccharides, triterpenes, flavonoids, steroids, benzofurans, and alkaloids) found in this mushroom demonstrate neuroprotective effects. Nonetheless, there remains a significant gap in understanding the real effects of this fungus.

6. Turkey tail (Trametes versicolor)

Turkey tail is one of the most known medicinal mushrooms. Although research on its effect on cognitive function is limited, animal studies suggest that the bioactive compounds in the mushroom positively impact memory by aiding the formation of new synaptic networks. Even so, the understanding of the actual effects of this fungus remains significantly incomplete.

5 medicinal mushroom benefits reviewed

Beyond cognitive enhancement, medicinal mushrooms possess a plethora of other health benefits. Below, five most notable advantages of these fungi are depicted.

1. Immune system support

Many medicinal mushrooms, like reishi and shiitake, contain beta-glucans that modulate the immune system. These compounds enhance the activity of white blood cells, improving the body's ability to fight infections and illnesses.

2. Anti-inflammatory properties

Mushrooms possess anti-inflammatory properties. Chronic inflammation is linked to various diseases, including heart disease and cancer. By reducing inflammation, these mushrooms may help protect overall health.

3. Antioxidant activity

Mushrooms are also rich in antioxidants. They combat oxidative stress and prevent cellular damage. Antioxidants play a crucial role in reducing the risk of chronic diseases and promoting longevity.

4. Blood sugar control

Limited studies indicated that medicinal mushrooms' active compounds also exhibit antidiabetic activity. These compounds, including polysaccharides, their protein complexes, and dietary fibers help regulate different diabetic signaling pathways. For example, water-soluble dietary fibers and polysaccharides increase gastrointestinal content viscosity, reducing gastric emptying and delaying carbohydrate digestion and absorption.

5. Antifatigue and stamina

Some studies have shown that medicinal mushrooms have antifatigue effects. These mushrooms may boost energy and physical performance by impacting the muscular, cardiovascular, hormonal, and immune systems, with bioactive constituents like polysaccharides. However, further research is necessary to fully and clearly identify the active ingredients and understand their mechanisms of action. Given that most studies have been conducted on animal models, more human trials are needed to confirm these health benefits.

How to take nootropic mushrooms for improved well-being

At first glance, using nootropic mushrooms might appear complex; however, it's simpler than it seems. In the text below, we will explain how to add them to your diet, where to purchase them, the correct dosages, and share additional tips to get the most out of them.

How to incorporate nootropic mushrooms into diet

Incorporating nootropic mushrooms into your diet can be rather simple. Here are some effective ways to do it:

• Cooking with mushrooms. Fresh or dried nootropic mushrooms like lion's mane or shiitake can be added to various dishes. They blend well with soups, stews, stir-fries, and even salads. Cooking with these mushrooms not only enhances flavor but also ensures that you receive their potential benefits for improving your cognitive function.
• Mushroom powders. Mushroom powders can be easily mixed into smoothies, teas, coffee, or even sprinkled over your meals. They are a convenient option for those looking to integrate nootropic mushrooms into their daily diet without altering their regular meal plans.
• Mushroom extracts. Liquid mushroom extracts and tinctures are another popular way to consume nootropic mushrooms. These can be added to beverages or taken directly for a quick and efficient intake.

What forms are available?

Nootropic mushrooms are available in several forms to suit different preferences and lifestyles:

• Fresh mushrooms. Available in grocery stores and farmers' markets, fresh mushrooms are perfect for cooking and adding to your favorite dishes.
• Dried mushrooms. These have a longer shelf life and can be rehydrated before use. They are ideal for soups, stews, and teas.
• Powders. Mushroom powders are versatile and can be incorporated into drinks, smoothies, and foods.
• Capsules and tablets. For those who prefer a more straightforward approach, mushroom supplements in capsule or tablet form offer a convenient way to consume the precise dosage without overthinking how to incorporate this into one’s daily meals.
• Liquid extracts and tinctures. These are concentrated forms of mushrooms that can be added to drinks or taken directly.

Where to buy

When choosing to buy nootropic mushrooms, it's essential to pick trusted suppliers who guarantee the product's quality and effectiveness. Nootropic mushrooms and their supplements can be purchased from a variety of sources:

• Health food stores. Many health food stores offer a range of nootropic mushrooms in different forms.
• Online retailers. Websites and retailers specializing in mushrooms offer a wide selection of products. Ensure that you choose trusted sellers with good reviews.
• Pharmacies and supplement stores. Some pharmacies and supplement stores also stock nootropic mushroom products.
• Local farmers' markets. Fresh and sometimes dried nootropic mushrooms can be found at local farmers' markets.

How much to take

Since nootropic mushrooms are a relatively new research area, the precise doses needed to enhance cognitive function and memory have not yet been determined. The appropriate dosage can vary depending on the mushroom type, its form, and the manufacturer. Nonetheless, it is typically recommended to begin with a lower dosage to evaluate the body's reaction.

Most importantly, consulting a healthcare professional for personalized advice before incorporating nootropic mushroom supplements is crucial and has to be done before taking any supplement.

How to choose the best nootropic mushroom supplement

Due to the abundance of suppliers selling nootropic mushroom supplements, it can be challenging to make the right choice. Reviews provide insights into the best mushroom supplement options on the market. Here we give some key criteria to consider when purchasing a supplement.

• Dose. Ensure the supplement provides a safe dose of mushroom content. The quantity of mushroom content should be carefully evaluated, as excessive amounts of active ingredients can lead to side effects.
• Brand reputation. Opt for well-known brands with good reviews and a track record of quality. It is highly recommended to choose brands that invest in research and are transparent about their sourcing and manufacturing processes.
• Third-party testing. Look for supplements that have been tested by independent laboratories for purity, potency, and safety. Third-party testing ensures that the product meets high standards and is free from contaminants.
• Blends vs. single extracts. Decide whether you want a supplement that contains a blend of mushrooms or a single mushroom extract. Some suppliers offer a blend of various nootropic mushrooms, which can provide a broader spectrum of benefits. On the other hand, single extracts may be more potent.
• Ingredients. Check for additional ingredients. Supplements may contain fillers, binders, or other additives that you might want to avoid. Choose products that are made with minimal additives.
• Form. Nootropic mushroom supplements are available in several forms. Choose a form that suits your lifestyle and preferences.

Nootropic mushrooms present a natural and potentially effective way to boost cognitive function. Medicinal mushrooms also offer immune support, anti-inflammatory effects, antioxidant protection, and stress reduction. Appropriate incorporation of these powerful fungi into your daily routine and choosing high-quality supplements can significantly improve your well-being. Nevertheless, keep in mind that it is strongly recommended to consult with the healthcare provider before beginning any new supplement regimen.